Vaccinologist Pierre Van Damme of UAntwerpen, one of Flanders’ universities, and immunologist Arnaud Marchant from ULB, will lead the new anti-infection unit. The project includes two main phases. Firstly, the city of Antwerp will accommodate a new quarantine facility for controlled human infection model (CHIM) studies. To date, CHIM studies were only possible in the US and the UK, but with this new project, European firms can perform these key studies close to home. For each study, the quarantine facility in Antwerp will intake 30 healthy subjects, vaccinating 15 of them. The subjects are exposed to attenuated versions of a virus, or even to the virus itself, provided that effective therapy is available. Afterwards, they are closely monitored.  

For the second phase, a cutting-edge new immunology lab will be built in Brussels, the capital of both Belgium and Flanders. There, Marchant’s team will analyze patients’ immune responses to vaccines and viruses. “We will examine, among other things, how vaccines stimulate effective immune responses, optimal vaccine compositions and proper dosage,” Marchant explains.  

About 130 different organizations, many of which are located in Flanders, are currently working on a coronavirus (COVID-19) vaccine, with promising results so far. Whether or not the vaccinopolis will be able to make a difference in the development of a COVID-19 vaccine all depends on timing: the anti-infection unit is planned to be operational from early 2022.  

Van Damme is convinced that the project will play a part in the COVID-19 vaccine quest either way, and certainly in future epidemics: “Suppose there are three or four potential vaccines for COVID-19 by the end of 2021. At the vaccinopolis, we will then be able to rapidly determine how effective each of these candidates is. Moreover, more epidemics are likely to follow in the future. I’m confident that the vaccinopolis will prove essential in preparing for this eventuality,” Van Damme concludes.